The Death Penalty Is Not The Answer - 865 Words

The death penalty is a widespread controversial issue. The Criminal Justice System is the real assassin; death is not the answer. It is unconstitutional. It isn t moral to execute humans. The death penalty is a cruel punishment; it treats humans as inanimate objects that are to be toyed with. The death penalty should be outlawed. States that allow the death penalty don t have lower crime rates, so obviously people don t care that death could be their punishment. So what problem is this solving? None. Killing people for committing a crime doesn t make it any better. It s like giving them the easy way out for taking away someone else s life. Letting them rot in a jail cell for the rest of their life would make them suffer much more than simply killing them. There are only two styles of executions that the United States still use. They are the firing squad and lethal injection. The firing squad is only used when states can’t get the drugs used for lethal injection, which isn’t often. States started using lethal injection because, â€Å"Lethal injection was intended to be a superior alternative to electrocution, gassing or hanging, all of which are known to go wrong in gruesome ways. But when pharmaceutical companies began refusing to provide their drugs for deadly use and stories of botched injections became commonplace, the same legal qualms that had turned courts against the earlier methods were raised about lethal injections† (Von Drehle). Lethal injection can be veryShow MoreRelatedThe Execution of Death Penalty1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Penalty Introduction As of 2010, thirty-four States have some form of Death Penalty, while twelve States plus the District of Columbia have no Death Penalty. The number of Death Penalty executions from 1977 2010 by color-coded States follows: (Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). The basic dispute involving the Death Penalty is whether or not it should be abolished. This dispute has raged for decades in the United States and people on both sides of the debate appear toRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal968 Words   |  4 Pagescountry feel concerning the death penalty. Most chiefs came back and said that they feel the death penalty is unsuccessful. Politicians on the other hand have forgotten what law enforcement is all about and have instead given tax payers an tremendously expensive way to deal with crime. Politicians fail to realize that instead of using that money to support the death penalty we could be using that money to advance law enforcement. The police chiefs feel that the death penalty does not reduce crime andRead MoreIs the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent?1677 Words   |  7 PagesIs the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent? Annotated Bibliography PS 223 Forensic Psychology I Research Question: Is the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent? Honeyman, J. C., Ogloff, J. P. (1996). Capital punishment: Arguments for life and death. Canadian Journal Of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 28(1), 27-35. The main purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of the death penalty and theRead MoreCapital Punishment Research Study1288 Words   |  6 Pagesrelated to cost, racial bias, socio-economic class, innocent persons on death row, and cruel and unusual punishment. A questionnaire was provided to participants to gauge the level of education regarding issues and knowledge of the death penalty. Capital punishment is defined as the legal process to which a person is put to death by the state as punishment for a crime. Capital punishment is also hereby referred to as the death penalty. Research Methods Data for this study was obtained using both primaryRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Responsible For Making Such A Decision?1651 Words   |  7 Pagesto support these opinions or are they just that: opinions? The death penalty is something that has been around for centuries, but lately it has been the center of many controversies. While there are no cut and dry answers to these questions, there is one thing that is certain; before we are quick to make assumptions on the issue, there are some basic facts that we should first be made aware of when deciding whether the death penalty provides closure to families, or if it is legal murder carried outRead MoreDifferent View Points on the Death Penalty809 Words   |  3 Pageswill discuss the death penalty and its different points of view. Throughout history since the death penalty first was invented, people have had numerous thoughts on it. Some people are against it and others are for it. Many believe that it is too expensive and the death penalty is an easy way out for the offender. However others believe that it should exist and that it is worth the cost. We will discuss the Criminal Justice System and the affects and efficiency the death penalty has. Further on,Read MorePublic Opinion And The Death Penalty1324 Words   |  6 Pagesand the Death Penalty: A qualitative Approach, Political leaders, judges, criminal justice administrators, and citizen Groups support the capital punishment. Bohm (2003) argues that the public supports the death penalty because it contributes in five ways. First, if the public supports the legislators, he/she can vote in favor of the death penalty and of course against any statutes that are looking for its repeal. Second, Bohm argues that the prosecutors always seek the death penalty for politicalRead MoreLiterature Review on Death Penalty1028 Words   |  5 PagesDo You Agree With The Death Penalty? Abstract The main focus on this literature review paper is going to be over â€Å"Do you agree with the death penalty?†. I gathered information by asking a series of questions of other individuals. Some of the questions I asked was, â€Å"Do you think the death penalty is a deterrent from a crime?†, and â€Å"How should the death penalty be administered?† My goal is to find out how many people agree or disagree with the death penalty, and why. This will be a goodRead MoreBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 Pagesefficient and evenhanded. The website is relevant to my topic as the site have information such as information on executions, trends, clear definition, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. The site was revised the same date of access, therefore the information is up to date and would be useful. Death Penalty: Pros and Cons ProCon.org. n.p.13 Apr. 2009. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. ProCon.org is a nonprofit public charity. It provides resources for critical thinking without bias. The informationRead MoreDeath Sentence Essay998 Words   |  4 Pageswould argue that the death penalty is not civil at all whatsoever. Capital Punishment is seen as primitive by many, but also beneficial to the public through retribution. The Death Penalty helps prevent future crime, helps economically, and enforces deserved punishment, but also as seen as immoral, barbaric, and misused through historical use. The Death Penalty helps prevent future crime by serving as an incentive to not commit horrendous atrocities. Obviously, the Death Penalty is feared by most

A Report On The Construction Sector Essay - 1321 Words

INTRODUCTION: The construction sector is the fifth largest sector in the New Zealand economy, employing more than 170,000 people. This makes up 7.6% of the labour force. It engendered 6.3% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2010. (New zealand sector report, 2013) There is a lot going on in the construction management space, which has been poorly addressed in New Zealand until recently. (Pieter, 2011) High level of complexity is also involved in construction projects, which exposes this sector to humungous risk aspects. Therefore, lessening of risk linked to such projects, should be prioritized and handled in a systematic way. Risk is an indefinite occurrence or a state, which affects tangible or intangible factors. Managing risks in the right way is important. Risk Management deals with managing such uncertainties. Construction projects are categorized as multifaceted projects, where ambiguity comes from several sources. Construction projects gather together hundreds of participants, which makes it difficult to study this system as a whole. But at the same stretch these projects offer a perfect environment for network and Risk Management research. (Klemetti, 2006) Any construction project will have inherent risks, addressing such risks, analysing them and reducing the harmful impacts of such risks on the project development and completion leads to a successful project. The success factor of any project depends on: ïÆ'Ëœ In time completion ïÆ'Ëœ Specific budget ïÆ'Ëœ RequisiteShow MoreRelatedImpact Of The Construction Industry On The Uk Economy1027 Words   |  5 PagesSector introduction: Balfour Beatty Plc operates in the heavy construction sub sector of the FTSE 250. This sector is particularly interesting given the effect recession has had on this sector and the ongoing developments in the industry. The construction sector in the UK is unique as the output in this sector fell faster than the whole economy in 2008. It has slipped into recession 3 times over the past 5 years (gov.uk, 2013). Overall the recession has had a dramatic effect in the constructionRead MoreGovernment Initiatives for Affordable Housing1261 Words   |  5 Pagesminister office has defined the modern method of construction as a method to produce better quality home in quick span of time. The housing corporation that is sponsored by the deputy prime minister office spends  £1.6 billion every year on building new homes with a 25% percent target consisting of the modern methods of construction. The English partnerships and the Department of Trade and Industry encourages and promotes the use of modern methods of construction. The National Audit Office Study conductedRead MoreImpact Of The Construction Industry On The Economy Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction The construction industry in Australia has over the recent three years provided increased employment thereby improving the economic financial performance. This has been fueled primarily by middle market construction firms. However, forecast shows that the total non-residential construction would fall between 2014 and 2016 due to falling levels of investment on project activities. 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Also, EDI is helping the sector to manage investments and loans. †¢ High-Tech: Due to complicated value chain of the industry, many high tech companies depend on EDI for design and manufacture of their products. †¢ RetailRead MoreThe Managerial Styles Within The Catering Industry1478 Words   |  6 PagesStudent No: 000879221-6 20th November 2015 1. Introduction This report critically compares the key management theories and management style differences between the catering and construction sectors. It identifies core differences within the industries and the difference in approach required for each to deliver one’s own service. the diference in the â€Å"product† which is being delivered by both sectors is a major reso 2. Management Overview Project management is a social constructRead MoreThe Effect Of Corporate Governance Practices On Firm Performance1500 Words   |  6 PagesSaudi Stock exchange (Tadawul) from two different sectors such as Construction sector and Petrochemical sector have been selected. The required data has been collected during the period of 2011 and 2014, because the recent data may reflect the current performance scenario of the companies. The petro chemical industries are mostly below ground (in which case it is construction) and above ground (in which case it is building), i.e. building construction companies are associated with petrochemical industriesRead MoreBusiness Innovation And Skills Of Uk Government1563 Words   |  7 Pagesheadcount should not be more than 50 and 10, the turnover has to be under 10 million euro and 2 million euro. Most of the SMEs contribute in the Construction section and there is a number of 956,000 SMEs estimated by the government. Furthermore, the industry of Pro fessional, Scientific and Technical Activities (792,000), Wholesale and Retail Trade and Repair Sectors (522,000) take the second highest and third highest in the SMEs business population. These three industries will be the main focus groups ofRead MoreThe Level Of Concentration Is High1314 Words   |  6 PagesWith my research I found that the level of concentration is high enough to suggest that some markets within the construction industry can be considered oligopolistic. It is important to remember that the market structure is only one characteristic of various factors which affects the performance of firms concerned. My research found that within the Materials and components grouping 13/24 markets are oligopolistic. 2/9 is oligopolistic within the Professional consultancy, 2/11 within Plant and equipmentRead MoreThe Role of Private Sector in Social and Economic Development1172 Words   |  5 PagesThe important role that the private sector plays in social and economic develop ment led the International Labour Conference to discuss the concept of sustainable enterprises in June 2007. The promotion of sustainable enterprises ensures that human, financial and natural resources are combined equitably. An environment conducive to the creation and growth of enterprises on a sustainable basis must take into account the three dimensions of sustainable development – economic, social and environmental

Social Stratification free essay sample

Good afternoon Madam Chairperson, ladies and Gentlemen, my fellow opponents a warm welcome to you all. The topic for our debate is â€Å"social stratification is an inevitable and necessary evil†. Before I get into the moot for our debate let me firstly define social stratification, according to the literature; Browne stated and I quote â€Å"it refers to the division of society into pattern of layers or strata made up of a hierarchy of unequal social group† end quote. (campus 2013) We the opposing team strongly believe that social stratification is not an inevitable and necessary evil because according to Karl Marx, who argues and I quote â€Å"social stratification is dysfunctional and harmful in society; also that social stratification benefits the rich and powerful at the expense of the poor. Thus, it creates a system of winners and losers that is maintained by those who are on the top† end quote. My fellow opponents, Marxist also argued that there are inevitable conflicts of interest between the major social classes in society derived not entirely from their functional usefulness but to a considerable extent from their power to exploit the property-less Proletariat. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Stratification or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The people who are losers do not get a fair chance to compete, and thus are stuck on the bottom. For example, wealthy families pay low wages to nannies to care for their children. These low wage workers do not make enough to move beyond paycheck-to-paycheck and which give them limited means of moving ahead. Therefore, conflict theorists believe that this competitive system, together with the way the game is fixed, end up creating and perpetuating stratification systems (The Functionalist Theory of Social Stratification 2013). Madam Chairperson, ladies and Gentlemen my fellow opponent, How is social stratification is a nessary evil, when all it does is ultimately acted as a catalyst to social disparity an inequality which creates a social hierarchy that stifles potential economic gain and social mobility? Bibliography campus, Uwi open. unit 5 Stratification and Mobility in Caribbean Society. In Social Stratification, by James, 196. Phyillse Flemings -Banks, 2013. GROUP, The DAWN MEDIA. Social stratification negative impact. 2013. http://beta.dawn.com/news/627362/social-stratification-negative-impacts (accessed Octo 2013). The Functionalist Theory of Social Stratification. June 07, 2013. http://www.earlhamsociologypages.co.uk/functheorysocstratsummi.htm (accessed October 13, 2013).

Social Learning Theory Essay Example

Social Learning Theory Essay This research by Bandura shows that there IS a difference between learning and actual performance. Children imitate behaviour under certain circumstances but always seem to learn it. Differences were apparent between Bandura and Walters study in 1963 and Banduras study in 1965 because only rewards were given to the children producing any type of behaviour. This shows inconsistency in research findings making it difficult to be able to draw conclusions. However, the differences between the 2 experiments show that children observing punishment has a larger effect on behaviour than if they see rewards suggesting that production of behaviour depends on how the observed behaviour is responded to by others. It is found that children are more likely to replicate observed behaviour if model was rewarded, whether other adults approved, whether other children imitated the behaviour, and whether the observer can relate to the model. There are also other factors to account for the findings from Banduras experiments especially to do with the family backgrounds the children were from. Hollins and Howells found that children raised by aggressive parents were also likely to be aggressive themselves. This suggests that children have learned the aggression from their family home and repeated it in different social contexts i. e. took aggression out on the Bobo doll. This therefore supports Social Learning Theory. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning Theory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning Theory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning Theory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Furthermore, Patterson et al (1989) found that in homes where there was at least one aggressive child, the common factor was a home environment where physical punishment and shouting were often used. This would increase aggression in people as they have learned it from their family and evidently would repeat it in the outside world because thats how theyve been brought up. Similarly, if children in a family were brought up in a caring background where you look after one other then you would find that these children are the least aggressive in society. Social Learning Theory has been largely supported by psychologists which has been shown through Banduras research. However his research was based solely on young childrens perception and learning of behaviour and doesnt account for adults therefore findings cannot be generalised to all of society. Phillips (1986) investigated Social Learning Theory in adults and found that homicide rate in adults was higher following the broadcast of a boxing match suggesting that observing this aggressive behaviour led more people to inflict harm on others. This therefore shows that social learning is present in adults providing empirical support for Social Learning Theory. Another strength is that Social Learning Theory accounts for a lack of consistency in aggressive behaviour. i. e. aggression in front of peers is different to behaviour shown around parents because behaviour is reinforced differently (context-dependent learning). Social Learning Theory also accounts for cultural differences in aggressive behaviour, i. e. individualistic cultures are more aggressive than collectivistic cultures because individuals learn from others how to look after themselves and how to survive. However, Bandura was criticised on the grounds that the television programmes he used in his experiments were not representative of the programmes at the time therefore again lacks ecological validity. It is also highly unethical to manipulate childs behaviour as they probably did not give informed consent even though parents allowed them to participate. Social Learning Theory has also been largely criticised by biological researchers. They argue that the theory completely ignores individuals biological state. they state that the social learning theory rejects the differences of individuals due to genetic, brain, and learning differences (Jeffrey, 1985: p. 238) The effect of the media on aggression has also been widely researched. Aggression ideas shown by the media, influences people to observe, learn and imitate the behaviour. However, evidence for this is inconclusive. Media may simply be a contributing factor, all the other factors like family background and individual differences could account for peoples levels of aggression. In conclusion, Social Learning Theory as an explanation of aggression ignores that aggression can be innate and the amount of arousal within the person at the time can affect behaviour largely. However, the theory is largely supported in psychology as is demonstrated through Banduras work with the Bobo dolls. These experiments demonstrate conclusively that the acquisition and production of aggression is socially mediated. (Cardwell and Flanagan, 2004: p. 37). References Bandura, A. (1962). Social Learning through Imitation. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, NE. Bandura, 1973. cited on http://www. criminology. fsu. edu/crimtheory/bandura. htm. Accessed on 1st November 2005. Website used for various information. Bandura, A. , Walters, R. H. (1959). Adolescent Aggression. Ronald Press: New York: http://mentalhelp.net. Social Learning Theory Essay Example Social Learning Theory Paper Social Learning Theory: Social Learning is on the nurture side of the Nature Vs Nurture debate. The main concept of the social learning approach is that you learn by observing the behaviour of others and the outcomes of those behaviours. For example, if a child was to see someone getting positively rewarded, they would copy the behaviour to receive the reward. Whereas, if they were to see someone being punished they wouldnt copy it. (Van Wagner K, 2005) Social learning theory explains human behaviour in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioural, and environmental influences. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) Albert Bandura stated in 1977 that Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behaviour is learned observationally through modelling: from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviours are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action. Modelling is a method used where the client learns from imitation alone, without any specific verbal direction by the therapist. (Wikipedia, modelling, 2008) The conditions that must be in place for effective modelling are: We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning Theory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning Theory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning Theory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * Attention A persons characteristics determine their attention level; such as sensory capacities, arousal level, perceptual set, past reinforcement. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) * Retention Retention is remembering what you paid attention too, such as mental images, sounds, symbolic coding. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) * Reproduction This is when you reproduce what it is you paid attention too, such as physical capabilities and self-observation of reproduction. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) * Motivation Motivation is having a good enough reason to imitate what you paid attention to in the beginning. Motivation can be past, promised and vicarious. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) Albert Bandura Albert Bandura was born on the 4th December 1925, and is a Canadian psychologist that created the Social Learning theory. (Wikipedia, Albert Bandura, 2008) He first started research on the Social Learning theory whilst he worked in the Department of Psychology at Stanford University. Working along side one of his students Richard Walters; they studied human motivation, thought and action which he then furthered to social learning and aggression. This all interlinks to his most famous experiment The Bobo Doll Experiment. Bobo Doll Experiment The Bobo Doll experiment was first conducted in 1961. Its main goals were to help understand behavioural learning in the form of aggression. The experiment involved 72 children aged between 3 and 6, divided equally by gender, watching a model acting in a certain manner towards the Bobo Doll. The children were then split into groups that were divided by gender, aggressive behaviour and non-aggressive behaviour. They were then split between models that were the same gender or different gender. In total, there were 8 experimental groups. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) The children were taken individually into a room which contained a Bobo Doll, lots of toys and a model. The child watched the model for 10 minutes whilst they played with the toys for a minute and then acted aggressively towards the Bobo Doll for the rest of the time, using physical and verbal abuse and also hitting it with a mallet from one of the other toys. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) The model would then leave and the child would be taken to a second room which contained the same equipment as the previous room, but this time the model would only play with the toys and completely ignore the Bobo Doll. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) The child would then be taken to a third room which contained many appealing toys and a Bobo Doll. The child would only be allowed to play with the toys for a short amount of time until someone would enter the room tell them that those toys were for the other children and that they werent allowed to play with them. This was to make the child angry, hoping to cause aggression. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) Finally, the child would be taken to a fourth room with contained toys of aggressive and non-aggressive nature, such as the Bobo Doll, a mallet, toy guns, a ball, paper and crayons, plastic farm animals and a tea set. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) Bandura recorded the results of the Bobo Doll experiment in 8 different measures of aggression ranging from kicking the doll, shouting insults they heard from the model and using the mallet. After studying the results Bandura found out that children do learn from watching the behaviour of others, discovering that the children that saw the aggressive model imitating the physical aggression, 38.2 from boys and 12.7 from girls. The same results were found for verbal abuse, with boys using it 17 times and girls 15.7 times. It was also proved that males tended to be more aggressive than females, after finding out that there were 270 incidents of males showing aggression, against females showing aggression 128 times. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) Social Learning in Health and Social Care Social Learning is present in school education from teachers and fellow students. Teachers have to help students believe they can do the work and watch others be successful and develop self-efficiency to experience success themselves. Teachers also have to show appropriate behaviour and language whilst around students; this is so they get an understanding of what is right and wrong. (Teachnet) Teachnet states that Modelling provides an alternative to shaping for teaching new behaviours. Instead of using shaping, which is operant conditioning, modelling can provide a faster, more efficient means for teaching new behaviour. To promote effective modelling a teacher must make sure that the four essential conditions exist; attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. Social Learning in Health Education In health education, there is no approach that has been specifically said to work better than the rest. Social Learning could be used in health education to try to advise someone to reduce or stop whatever is harming their health. An example of this would be using the peer-led approach to health education, such as if an ex-smoker was to talk to a smoker about giving up, the ex-smoker could explain about all the advantages to their health and wellbeing, like no loss of breath and no lingering smell on their clothes, hands and hair.