South Africa Free Essays

Sindy Veritus March 9, 2013 Global Studies: Argumentative Essay South African Apartheid in South Africa was an arrangement of racial isolation authorized through enactment by the National Party government from 1948 to 1994 of South Africa. Racial isolation in South Africa started in pilgrim times by the Dutch and British. Politically-sanctioned racial segregation as an official strategy was presented following the general political decision in 1948. We will compose a custom paper test on South Africa or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Politically-sanctioned racial segregation was created after War World II by the Afrikaner-overwhelmed National Party and was first colonized by the Dutch and afterward the English came in and removed its vast majority. The number of inhabitants in South Africa was arranged into four gatherings which was the Black, White, Indian, and Colored. The Colored gathering included individuals viewed as being of blended plummet including individuals of Bantu, and European heritage and substantially more. Realizing that Apartheid was an arrangement of laws made to keep the white populace in charge. The Group Areas demonstration of 1951 controlled individuals where they could of live. The dark where driven far away from their city, despite the fact that their occupations were still in the urban areas in the white neighborhood. The Bantu instruction Act implied that the dark understudies were impeded with their training. â€Å"Bus passages were costly and getting open vehicle regular was costly and caused difficulty and sadness for the individuals of color. † (Wikipedia) The politically-sanctioned racial segregation strategy was exceptionally powerful of accomplishing its objective of advantaged direct for whites. Then again, the white populace upheld politically-sanctioned racial segregation since they felt it was there to claim the place that is known for South Africa. There were many white professional politically-sanctioned racial segregation individuals on account of the a lot bigger populace of dark South Africans making the white individuals accept that if the dark were given rights and opportunity, they would of no longer have political force. The white individuals were concerned in light of the fact that they imagined that their race would be dominated and they would lose the control that they generally had. As a last point, In February 1990 President FW de Klerk declared the arrival of Nelson Mandela and started the rejection of the Apartheid framework. In 1992 a white gathering endorsed the change procedure and on April 27, 1994 the main vote based decisions were held in South Africa with individuals of every single diverse race having the option to cast a ballot. After the Apartheid reached a conclusion in South Africa, individuals had more opportunity. The Africans presently have somewhat more cash now that it’s not all heading off to the white. South Africa is presently serene and the commemoration of the decisions, which was hung on April 27, is praised as an open occasion in South Africa known as Freedom Day. The most effective method to refer to South Africa, Essay models

BENEFITS OF ISO-9001 COMPLIANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advantages OF ISO-9001 COMPLIANCE - Essay Example Volumes of research have revealed insight into the positive ramifications of utilizing the administrative framework; this volume means to talk about the advantages conveyed by the utilization of the ISO 9001 bound together administration framework. There are various authoritative advantages that lay on the side of the utilization and execution of the ISO 9001. Studies uncover that, while the rousing power behind accreditation of organization quality might be in connection with the business sectors the favorable circumstances are that joined the general hierarchical improvement. Under this framework, the activities of various authoritative capacities are incorporated and enhanced. Association proprietors further profit by efficient in capacities building because of dispersal of item normalization. The framework brings proficiency of item forms through better working guidelines. The administrative framework likewise helps in accomplishing quality and lifts the business incomes and clie nt trust in the organization.When associations utilize the utilization of the ISO 9001 administration framework, their clients are favored with various advantages. The clients profit by administrations and items that comply with their necessity. Also, the clients get the exchange products on a truly solid and trustworthy premise. Moreover, the customers of such organizations with ISO 9001 are guaranteed that the administrations and items are ever accessible on their solicitation. The clients also get quality items from these associations and ultimately items that are viable.

Psychology Research Methods Study Guide

Psychology Research Methods Study Guide Student Resources Study Guides and Tips Print Psychology Research Methods Study Guide By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on February 23, 2020 Caiaimage/Sam Edwards / Getty Images More in Student Resources Study Guides and Tips APA Style and Writing Careers Psychology researchers study a wide variety of topics, ranging from the development of infants to the behavior of social groups. Psychologists use the scientific method to investigate questions both systematically and empirically.?? Use this study guide to familiarize yourself with the psychology research process or to brush up on your skills. If you think youve mastered this, take our psychology research methods self-test to check! Introduction to Research Methods The first step in your review should include a basic introduction to psychology research methods. Introduction to Psychology Research Methods Psychology experiments can range from simple to complex, but there are some basic terms and concepts that all students of psychology should understand. Start your studies by learning more about the different types of research, the basics of experimental design and relationships between variables. The Scientific Method Psychologists use the scientific method to conduct studies and research in psychology. The basic process of conducting psychology research involves asking a question, designing a study, collecting data, analyzing results, reaching conclusions and sharing the findings. The Steps of a Scientific Method for Research Choosing a topic, selecting research methods, and figuring out how to analyze the data you collect can be intimidating, especially if you have little or no background in experimental methods. If you need help preparing for a research project, study, or experiment, start by reading this article outlining the basic steps in psychology research. Correlational Research Methods Correlational studies are one of the two major types of psychology research. Correlational studies are frequently used in psychology research to look for relationships between variables. While correlational studies can suggest that there is a relationship between two variables, finding a correlation does not prove that one variable causes a change in another variable. In other words, correlation does not equal causation. Learn more about the subtypes of correlational studies as well as methods of observation and scientific surveys. Why Correlational Studies Are Used Experimental Research Methods The simple experiment is one of the most basic methods of determining if there is a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables. A simple experiment utilizes a control group of participants who receive no treatment and an experimental group of participants who receive the treatment. Experimenters then compare the results of the two groups to determine if the treatment had an effect. Find more information on the parts of a simple experiment and how results are measured. Experimental Methods in Psychology Reliability Reliability is a vital component of a valid psychological test. What is reliability? How do we measure it? Simply put, reliability refers to the consistency of a measure. A test is considered reliable if we get the same result repeatedly. Learn more about reliability in psychology tests. The Importance of Reliability in Psychological Tests Validity When determining the merits of a psychological test, validity is one of the most important factors to consider. What exactly is validity? One of the greatest concerns when creating a psychological test is whether or not it actually measures what we think it is measuring. For example, a test might be designed to measure a stable personality trait but instead, measure transitory emotions generated by situational or environmental conditions. A valid test ensures that the results are an accurate reflection of the dimension undergoing assessment. Why Validity Is Important to Psychological Tests Glossary of Terms Review some of the key terms that you should know and understand about psychology research methods. Spend some time studying these terms and definitions before your exam. 18 Psychology Research Terms You Need to Know

Hawaiis 8 Major Landmasses

Roles Of Women During The Aztec Society - 1187 Words

Women’s roles in society have made an extensive improvement in their lifestyles in the past few decades. These roles have changed drastically from women only being able to stay home and take care of the house duties to women now being able to vote and even run for president. The roles of women in society today is very different compared to what the roles of women were in the Aztec society. Women in Aztec roles, mainly consist of marriage and pregnancy, domestic arts such as weaving and specific jobs, and her home and duties as a wife. Marriage in Aztec society for women started at an early age and was the main goal from birth. Before an Aztec women can get married there was some steps that needed to take place first, like her potential husband asking a council for her hand in marriage instead of her father, then the council would determine the compatibility of the man and woman and once that was done an elder Aztec woman would initiate courtship of the man to the woman and would also be the one to tell the father of the woman of the man’s intention of marriage (â€Å"Aztec Women†). Aztec woman were only able to marry an Aztec man and had the possibility of being in a marriage where there were more than one wife. After marriage, pregnancy was the goal of the Aztec woman. Once she gave birth it was a celebration. The Aztec empire valued children tremendously to the point if a woman died while giving birth she was given the same honor as that of a mighty Aztec warrior that diedShow MoreRelatedAp World Compare and Contrast Essay618 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the years 1200 to 1500 CE, two ideal empires, Mali of Sub – Saharan Africa and the Aztecs of the Americas developed into truly influential and powerful empires. Both empires shared a similarity in economy but a different society. The Mali and Aztecs both traded, but while Mali traded with Islamic regions developing Islamic institutions within its borders, the Aztecs traded locally consequently not being influenced by outside cultures. Both Empires differed in society in which women in MaliRead MoreWomens Battles in The Midwife Addresses the Newly Delivered Woman810 Words   |  4 PagesNewly Delivered Woman the author portrays the strengths and fortune of an Aztec woman she must have while giving birth to a child. The author mentions how the courageous and brave woman went through hard exhausting physical labor. The poem informs the mother that possible unpleasant situations may still occur. The new mother is awar e and understanding that she has successfully won mastery. Also it is pointed out when women were giving birth it was like a battle, just as painful as the ones men foughtRead MoreRamon Astorga. Professor Sarhadi. History 101. 02 March1577 Words   |  7 PagesHistory 101 02 March 2014 The Aztec Empire The Aztec civilization was the most dominate complex society in Mesoamerica of all time. The Aztecs were an innovative and sophisticated civilization that became superior due to their elaborate engineered cities, pyramids, and temples. Their proficiency in trade, expertise in agriculture, religious traditions, organized government, and progressive technology set a firm foundation for the distinguished Aztec empire. The Aztecs, arrived in Mesoamerica in theRead MoreThe Situation Of Women During The Pre Columbian Era1026 Words   |  5 PagesThe situation of women in the pre-Columbian era was like any other culture because men had power. The woman lacked rights, equality and autonomy. Often, women were treated as an object. In the case of one of the most developed pre-Columbian civilizations, the Aztecs, a situation occurred with the rights of women with Dona Marina, also known as the Malinche. She was a girl of the Aztec culture, who after a clash between tribes was surrender as a slave, because that was the tradition of those timesRead MoreMaya, Inca, And Aztec Societies903 Words   |  4 Pagesappearance. Women have played a prominent role in defining cultures; such is the case for Maya, Inca, and Aztec societies. Maya culture relied heavily on the female population. Before, agrarian labor was seen as a male domineering field; however, studies of the Classic Maya culture indicates farming was a communal occupation. All citizens, including children, participated in farming and other domestic tasks central to the communities upkeep. Roles in politics were also open to women, and contextualRead MoreThe Aztecs And The Aztec Empire1459 Words   |  6 Pages Aztecs were one of the most advanced civilizations from the 1400’s to the 1500’s. They were able to create one of the most magnificent empires known to men by an Indian tribe in America. They had built cities and temples as big as cities in Europe. Aztecs were always ahead of their time. They had made technology advancements such as, advanced architecture, technology advancements, engineering and agriculture. They also introduced weapons, medicine, tools, and calendars. The Aztec people were oneRead MoreAztec Culture Essay140 2 Words   |  6 Pagesperformed by women, they are recognized as less important. However, historically women’s roles were equally if not more important than those of men. Women were given high respect and equality in horticulture ancient societies like Trobriand amp; Kapauku. Aggregate data shows that women comprise about 43 percent of the agricultural labor force globally and in developing countries but in ancient time they were more active and involved in horticulture as mode of production(Barbara 2009). Women status wereRead MoreEssay about The Role of Religion in The Conquest of New Spain619 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church was the dominant force in Western civilization. As the Dark Ages came to a close, the monarchies of Europe began to consolidate power; providing an alternative power base. With the Protestant Reformation came another blow to the influence of the Church. Spain, the forerunner in the Age of Discovery, was a ferventl y Catholic country. During the 16th century, the monarchy combined the forces of cross and crown in its imperial policy; much to the dismayRead MoreAztec Religion: the Foundation of a Civilization1456 Words   |  6 PagesThe religion of the Aztec, including their beliefs, customs and religions, acted as a tremendous influence on their government, economy, and culture. Religion was the foundation for the infamous culture of the Aztec Civilization. Through ceremonies of sacrifice, and the infusion of cosmology into their religion, the Aztecs sculpted a culture unlike that of any other civilization, and left behind a legacy to be studied and admired for generations to come. Religion ultimately shaped the unique civilizationRead MoreThe Incas and the Aztecs Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesThe Incas and the Aztecs Before the Spanish and Portuguese discovered the New World, there were many groups of people already living in South and Central America. Two of these groups were the Incas and the Aztecs. The Incas lived mainly in Peru, and the Aztecs lived mainly in what is today Mexico City. Although these two groups probably never came on contact with one another, they had many similar

Andean Worlds Free Essays

Justin Currie Professor Hinde History November 25th, 2010 Andean Worlds 1. Kenneth J, Andrien. Andean Worlds: Indigenous History, Culture, and Consciousness under Spanish Rule. We will write a custom essay sample on Andean Worlds or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1532-1825. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2001. Print. In his book, Andean Worlds: Indigenous History, Culture and Consciousness under Spanish rule. 1532-1825, the author, Kenneth J. Andrien, examines the Spanish invasion of the Incan Empire (called Tawintinsuyu) in 1532.This invasion brought cataclysmic change to the entire Andean region, resulted in the complete collapse of the empire and the deaths of most of the citizens through war and pestilence in later years. What had once been the proud and content citizens of the most advanced, powerful and large Empire in the Americas had their worlds completely turned on their heads, nobles and peasants alike became slaves in the Spanish conquistadors â€Å"encomiendas† while they were forced to basically watch their entire way of life crumble around them. The author, Kenneth Andrien, is as fit a man as any to write a book about the Andean world and its unique way of life before and after the Spanish invasion. He is currently a professor at the Ohio State University where he teaches many undergraduate and graduate courses in Latin American history and Atlantic World history. He has also written four other books and published journal articles on early South America in addition to Andean Worlds. He is also currently a member of the editorial boards of the Colonial Latin American Review and the Anuario de Estudios Americanos.These credentials make him a very knowledgeable man when it comes to Latin America. Chapters one and two focus on the Incan Empire or Tawantinsuyu before the Spanish conquest. Chapter one is more specifically about the different perspectives you have to take into account when discussing Incan history because while there are oral histories there is a complete lack of a written language and as such, historians must rely on either word of mouth or arrangements of knotted strings, called quipu, which the Andeans used to record their census data, contents of state warehouses and the numbers of taxpayers. They were also used to record basic information about significant events such as battles and dynastic events. There are problems with the quipu though, such as the fact that they are knotted strings which can easily fray and become damaged over time, rendering them useless to historians. Chapter two meanwhile focused on Tawantinsuyu before the Spanish invasion. It goes into great depth and discusses the political climate, how the empire functioned, the fall and eventual takeover of the empire by Francisco Pizarro and his conquistadors.This chapter was interesting because it pointed out that really one of the only reasons that the Spanish had such an easy time of it when they invaded the Empire was because a huge, five year civil war that completely crippled the empire had just ended. As such this made the empire very susceptible to invasion and interference because of the many indigenous tribes that had backed the wrong brother Huascar, were still angry and looking for payback.In fac t the new Sapa Inca, Atahualpa was on his way to Cusco to claim his throne when he heard of the tiny Spanish force led by Francisco Pizarro and decided to go and see, a fatal choice. The chapter also goes into great detail about the forming of the empire and how in only a few generations (1438-1532) it had become the most powerful, largest and advanced empire in the New World. Chapters three and four focus on Tawantinsuyu as it was after the Spanish had conquered the empire and subjugated it.Chapter three mostly talks about the early years of the Spanish conquest and how tough it was for them. During the first three years of their invasion and occupation they were already facing a massive rebellion led by the Spanish sponsored Manco Inca Yupanqui who managed to field an army of nearly 200,000 men. The Manco Inca began this rebellion because of the treatment he received from the Spanish which included several beatings and the seizure of his coya.After the failure of this rebellion the chapter goes on to describe the Years of Turmoil and Crisis during which Francisco Pizarro and his deputy Diego de Almagro had a large and drawn out war that resulted in the deaths of both of them. The chapter also describes the results of disease brought about by the Spanish, the implementation and eventual failing of the encomienda system, the implementation of the New Laws which led to a war between the Viceroy Blasco Nunez Vela and the Pizarro Clan and the resurgence of central authority under Viceroy Fransico de Toledo. By the early 19th century however crown authority was almost completely gone again. Chapter four describes the Colonial Socioeconomic Order of Peru. European-style markets were slow to catch on in Peru because the Conquistadors mostly just divided most indigenous communities into encomiendas which did not change much from the pre-existing Incan system but drained surplus production. The discovery of massive gold and silver deposits however led to an expansion and integration of regional market economies and the formation of what became known as The Trunk Line.The Trunk Line, as described by James Lockhart, was essentially a railroad of â€Å"trunk lines† and â€Å"feeder lines† that went through many of the major Andean cities all the way up to Panama where the precious metals were shipped to Spain. As can be expected the communities along the line were drawn into the typical Spanish markets. The chapter also talks of the settlement of the empire by a large amount of Eu ropean settlers which was made possible thanks to disease wiping out many of the people living in these areas. Chapters five and six are about the Andean culture and society under colonial rule and Religious conversion and the imposition of orthodoxy. Chapter five begins with the account of the aged indios ladino Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala who in 1615 with his young son took a manuscript he had been writing for over 30 years. This manuscript was remarkable in that it was written in both Castilian and his native Quechua. What is so remarkable about this is that the Incan language never developed an alphabet and it was not until 1560 that a Castilian-Quechua dictionary was released.Under colonial rule Spanish friars opened schools that taught Castilian which was the most common language in Spain. Spanish arts and Andean arts merged which lead to a distinctive culture that was neither Andean nor European. Indios Ladinos were indigenous people who had learned Castilian as well as their native tongue. They were the frist people of true mixed cultures and were extremely important because they were able to serve in many important jobs and showed the coming together of two cultures even when they had been born when Tawintinsuyu existed.Chapter six focuses on the spiritual conquest of the Andean world which although it was incomplete led to huge cultural and religious changes. Although the people accepted the trappings of Christianity such as the feasts, rituals, music, dances and prayers they viciously clung to their traditional rites and refused to give them up. This annoyed the clergy to no end and two factions developed with their own views on how to snuff out idolatry. These sides were forcible conversion that used egal campaigns to crush idolatry and the moderates who believed the continued beliefs to be religious error and though education was the sure way to combat them. Chapter seven covered the rebellions that rocked the empire and the continual resistance of the Andean peo ple while under Spanish rule. After the Spanish captured the capital of Tawantinsuyu, Cusco in 1533 they slowly tried to stamp out native resistance. The beginning of the Manco Inca’s rebellion began four long years of war that resulted in the Sapa Inca retreating to a fortress at Vilcabamba.The Spanish tried to negotiate with the Sapa Inca’s successors Sayri Tupac and Titu Cusi since the rebel state remained an extremely dangerous threat to the fragile Spanish territory, especially during the periodic civil wars that rocked the Spanish. Eventually Viceroy Fransico de Toledo launched a major punitive expedition that resulted in Vilcabamba falling and the capture and eventual execution in 1572 of the last king Tupac Amaru I.Resistance and rebellion did not end with the fall of Vilcabamba however as there were periodic small scale protests and revolts during the 17th century. The Bourbon Reforms in the 18th century fostered rebellions that had the potential to completely destroy the Spanish position in the new world. The major one was an uprising of native and mestizo peasants against the Bourbon reforms in the Spanis h Viceroyalty of Peru. While Tupac Amaru II, the early leader of the rebellion, was captured and executed in 1781, the rebellion continued for at least another year under other leaders. After this rebellions continued from the 1780s until eventual independence in the 1820s. Andean Worlds by Kenneth J. Andrien is an excellent book if you wish to understand and learn about the Spanish conquest of Tawantinsuyu. By drawing on his own research and the contributions from scholars in many disciplines, the author offers a masterful interpretation of Andean colonial history, one of the most dynamic and creative fields in Latin American studies. How to cite Andean Worlds, Papers

War Of 1812 Brought About Nationalism And free essay sample

Sectiona Essay, Research Paper War of 1812 Brought about Nationalism and SectionalismThe War of 1812 set the phase for Nationalism and Sectionalism because although thebattles where few and far apart, the conflicts, except those in the beginning gave the people of theUnited States something to be proud of because they where able to travel caput to caput with a wellestablished universe power and keep its ain, while protecting our people. At the same clip the USwas divided among traveling to war, and avoiding all war. At the beginning of the war the US was greatly short-handed with less than 7000 fulltime soldiers and merely a smattering of ships. We made make with what we had and managed to putup a battle. One of the first triumphs came when the Battleship USS Constitution sank the Britishfighter Guerriere. This triumph made Americans turn around and state hey, we might hold a chanceif we have some assurance in ourselves. We will write a custom essay sample on War Of 1812 Brought About Nationalism And or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some more assurance builders came along whenMacdonough defeated 16 ships on lake Champlain merely 10 ships of his ain, which he turned outin a mere 30 yearss. This show of dedication to the American cause gave people a ground tobelieve. Some Battles that where fought on land brought about some of the most impressivevictories for the short-handed and under powered American Army. The British ground forces came inthrough Chesapeake Bay and marched towards Washington DC, but it was a force of voluntaries, non even a existent trained ground forces, but voluntaries that was able to keep Baltimore after 3 yearss ofbombardment by the British, transfusing pride and a feeling of achievement within Americans.All this inspired led Francis Scott K ey to compose the Star Spangled Banner after the American flag remained after the 3 twenty-four hours barrage by the British, this was a symbol of American strengthand undying will to win. Then Andrew Jackson killed over 2000 British soldiers while losingonly 21 of his own.Although the war was fought, it met great resistance from the people of New England, while it received encouragement from people in the West. New Englanders objected to the warbecause New England s whole economic system was based on trade and ship edifice. War with Britainwould shut down trade with non merely Britain but all of Europe because of the British encirclement ofthe Atlantic Sea. With a encirclement and no manner to merchandise there was no demand for ship building and thewhole New England economic system suffered greatly. It went so far as to make the menace of successionfrom the US by the New England States. The people of the West clamored for war on the otherhand. They wanted war because they saw it as an chance to spread out our boundary lines into Canadaand take Great Britain from North America for good. These two points of position from twodifferent parts of the state efficaciously split the US down the center. American triumphs over Britain created a great trade of pride among Americans. Theywhere the underdog, yet they went up against a major universe power, took there balls, and grewfrom them. Although the East and West had two different sentiments on war they each had validreasons for being for or against war. The entire break of your lively goon would be a ground toavoid war, while the enticement of monolithic sums of land and entire control of a continent is another.

Subcultures free essay sample

Assess the usefulness of sub cultural theories in understanding crime and deviance am going to be assessing the usefulness of sub cultural theories in understanding crime and deviance. The functionalist suggested that understanding deviance lies in the studying it function for society rather than the individual itself. Also consensus is essential for society to function. All functionalist therefore argues that forms of social control are necessary to check deviant and to maintain social order. Morton theory of anomie is based on the ideas of the functionalist.Anomie encourages deviance. Morton understood crime and deviance to be a response to the inability to achieve social goals. This is Often referred to as a strain theory of crime, since Morton highlighted a tension or strains between the cultural goals of a society and the legitimate or institutionalized means of achieving these goals. Morton work can be seen to be the influence by the American dream provided that you work hard in a good job, money a good house and a luxurious lifestyle can be yours. We will write a custom essay sample on Subcultures or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However he said that when the values or ultra goals are internalized, many people dont live up to it or achieve it. Morton presents five modes of adapting to strain caused by the restricted access to socially approved goals and means. He did not mean that everyone who was denied access to societys goals became deviant. Rather the response, or modes of adaptation, depends on the individuals attitudes toward cultural goals and the institutional means to attain them. Conformity is the most common mode of adaptation. Individuals accept both the goals as well as the prescribed means for achieving those goals.Conformists will accept, though not always achieve, the goals of society and the means approved for achieving them. Individuals who adapt through. Innovation accepts societal goals but have few legitimate means to achieve those goals, thus they innovate (design) their own means to get ahead. The means to get ahead may be through robbery, embezzlement or other such criminal acts. In Ritualism, the third adaptation, individuals abandon the goals they once believed to be within their reach and dedicate themselves to their current lifestyle. They play by the rules and have a daily safe routine.Retreating is the adaptation of those who give up not only the goals but also the means. They often retreat into the world Of alcoholism and drug addiction. They escape into a non-productive, non-striving lifestyle. The final adaptation. Rebellion occurs when the cultural goals and the legitimate means are rejected. Individuals create their own goals and their own means, by protest or revolutionary activity. Morton was highly critical of competitive and ambitious social values in western society suggesting that competition and greed encourages people to reek the law.The critics of Morton theory is that some say that it neglect the power relation in the whole of the society Laurie Taylor suggest the Morton theory failed to explain who creates the rules in the first place, and in whose interests these rules and values have been developed by the powerful to guarantee success. By focusing on the actions of individuals he fails to recognize that subcultures developed their own goals and means of achieving them and this is a collective response. Other American sociologist has taken the issues that Morton emphasizes on evince as individual responses.Cohen and Collard and Olin, for example, understand deviance to be a collective solution by like-minded and like situated individuals to structurally imposed problems. This meant that deviance and especially delinquency is the result of groups bein g excluded from goals of society because of their position in the social structure usually a class position. Cohen argues that although groups of working class youths may originally accept the wider social goals, their growing awareness of their inability to achieve goals leads to the development of status frustration, where the goals are rejected. Instead, new and deviant goals are formed and a delinquent subculture is formed. Collard and Olin take these ideas further. They contend that as well a legitimate opportunities varying for the successful achievement of wider social goals. Illegitimate opportunities also differ. Thus, some young people are able to join a local gang or to take up a life of crime, but others lack even these choices. These individuals become double failure usually retreat to a life of violence, drug abuse etc.

Popular culture

Popular culture is the artistic and creative expression in entertainment and style that appeals to society as whole. It includes music, film, sports, painting, sculpture, and even photography. It can be diffused in many ways, but one of the most powerful and effective ways to address society is through film and television. Broadcasting, radio and television are the primary means by which information and entertainment are delivered to the public in virtually every nation around the world, and they have become a crucial instrument of modern social and political organization. Most of todays television programming genres are derived from earlier media such as stage, cinema and radio. In the area of comedy, sitcoms have proven the most durable and popular of American broadcasting genres. The sitcoms success depends on the audiences familiarity with the habitual characters and the situations to which they are exposed, such as life in the home, the workplace or some other common location. In the film Pleasantville, pop culture, and specifically sitcoms, are criticize in a multiple level strategy. One level is what the story is about superficially, and the second level is the real message the film is trying to reveal to the viewer. In film terminology we could define Pleasantville as an allegory of how the faultlessness presented in sitcoms affect societys view of what happiness and ideal situations should be. The story in the movie Pleasantville begins when two 90s teenagers, David and Jennifer are introduced in a mysterious way into Davids favorite show- Pleasantville. A town only possible in TV, Pleasantville is a place where everything is perfect because its nice all the time and everything stays the same. There is no sex, no books, no fires and no troubles. Jennifer, now assuming the role of Mary Sue, is bored to death because she cant understand how people can live in a black an

Effects of Drug Abuse on Society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effects of Drug Abuse on Society - Assignment Example Shockingly, almost 20 % of costs for hospitals in Medicaid and a quarter of funds allocated to Medicare and spent on inpatient care go to substance abuse treatments. Also, looking at our prisons, about 70% of individual inmates have once been regular drug users. The state prison population growth is accounted for by up to more than a third of drug offenders. Worse still is that this same group of individuals has contributed an 80% growth in the population of the prison since 1985. It can be seen that drug abuse is the number one cause for offenses committed by inmates and is also highly costly to the national budget. As Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse puts it, â€Å"Drug abuse and addiction are a major burden to society; economic costs alone are estimated to exceed half a trillion dollars annually in the United States, including health, crime-related costs, and losses in productivity. However, as staggering as these numbers are, they provide a limited perspective of the devastating consequences of this disease.† This picture shows how other aspects of the society can suffer underdevelopment due to drugs. The drugs problem affects every age group in the society including children who stay with their parents who are struggling with their addiction. Over time, studies by scientists on drug abuse were shadowed by myths. Drug addicts have been thought of as morally flawed and not having willpower. This view majorly shaped society’s response toward drug abuse. Instead of treating it as a health problem, it was taken to be a moral failing. As such, punitive criminal justice was the strategy of choice in curbing it. This was at the expense of therapeutic actions that are preventative and having a base in public health understanding regarding addiction and recovery. Recently done research has identified environmental, psychological and biological factors contributing to addiction development and progression.

Appealing Letter Assignment Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Appealing Letter Assignment - Personal Statement Example From an economic point of view, I gauge that Manama is blessed with the reputation of being the freest market in the Middle East apart from having the fastest growth rate economically. In order to sustain and nurture this explosive economic growth it is only prudent that Bahrain welcomes more labor, skilled as well as semi-skilled. News reports say that, Shaikh Mohammed bin Essa Al-Khalifa, Chief Executive of the Bahrain Economic Development Board (EDB) while leading the Kingdom's delegation to the annual World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos held in January 2008 announced plans of raising the country's profile economically. In the context of tourism, it beats its cosmopolitan neighbor Dubai in terms of providing cheaper and more luxurious accommodation. Bahrain is fast emerging as the favorite tourist spot for many tourists in Saudi Arabia due to its proximity and similar cost structure. A major restructuring and expansion project is underway at the Manama airport as part of making it a major cargo hub. Strategically placed in the Middle East, Bahrain has the potential to serve as Cargo centre in the Persian Gulf. Termed the Cargo Oasis an integrated facility is being built on the north of the existing airport. Ahmed Nemat, Assistant Undersecretary Civil Aviation Affairs announced this at the inauguration of the Air Cargo Show 2008. "MANAMA: Workers of a top garment factory went on a rampage... Drawing Flak: But Shamim, of recent, Bahrain has attained a bad reputation of being cruel to its foreign workforce both domestic and industrial. Two cases are being cited as examples here. 27-Mar-05: Labor rage, GDN: "MANAMA: Workers of a top garment factory went on a rampage last night following the death of a colleague. More than 500 Asians working for the MRS Fashions, which makes trousers for J C Penny, started damaging the factory's East Riffa premises after their colleague, who was kept in isolation for 15 days due to chicken pox, committed suicide." (GDN,27-Mar-05, Labor rage) . 7-Jun-04: Sale!! Only BD300 for Bahraini torture! GDN MANAMA: A Bahraini man was jailed for three months yesterday after being convicted of torturing a Bangladeshi employee. The sentence will be suspended if the 26-year-old fish trap maker pays a BD300 fine. (GDN,07-Jun-04, Sale!! Only BD300 for Bahraini torture!) I was disturbed to read these reports in the daily local newspapers. The pace of growth and potential for more infrastructural development naturally necessitates a growing labor population and hence a burgeoning expatriate community in Bahrain. Hence my humble suggestion to you is to galvanize the authorities involved to provide for the safety and security of women and men involved in the developmental work of the illustrious nation. As the two examples point out, the labor force working for Bahrain is denied their self respect, honor and even their earnings. My suggestion is for you to tell the authorities in charge of labor affairs to constitute special laws to take care of foreign workers, ensure their safety and see to it that no more exploitation takes place. My added request to you would be to ask the authorities so that

Child Learning Styles and Factors that Influence Them

Child Learning Styles and Factors that Influence Them In a nursery setting there are different types of learning styles: Now I will discuss the learning styles: Reference 1 Visual learning is a very good learning style and helps key workers understand every child’s learning method. This learning style is for children who get distracted by sound and talking easily, children often find it difficult to concentrate when there is a crowd around them. These types of children enjoy art and drawing and learn more from diagrams, they love to learn from a picture which gives children knowledge of the world. When I discuss more on Auditory learning style, I learn that this is more about thinking and listening. Children like to learn from listening to nursery rhyme tapes and tapes which helps them to think just as sounds. I found out children who are in the auditory category this helps children be more clever. Children like to listen to staff members reading to them and they like to choose interesting and long books so they can listen and look and think most of the day in the nursery environment. Finally when I discuss kinaesthetic learning style I find that this is more about children who cannot keep still at all, key workers have to keep them still during activities. These types of children are very active and enjoys playful all the time and never listens to anything else. They love activities where no one bothers them, such as playing physical for example running slow but not so fast. These learning styles are based on the early year’s foundation curriculum stage one of which is knowledge of the world, other one which is numeracy, literacy and so on. Visual learning activities can be: Listening to a story book but the child concentrating on other staff members cleaning after children’s playtime. One child distract from listening to nursery rhymes, as the key worker was communication with a parent outside. Auditory learning activities: A child can be distracted by another child shouting while playing a guessing game of thinking what instrument sound it could be. Child cannot think of what to play with because of so much shouting Kinaesthetic activities: Cannot keep still during an outdoor play activity, such as practising how to stand straight in a line. As a key worker we ensure children can concentrate when they join an activity, we help children by reminding children to play, we ask children questions on what children are playing. If there is a crowd around children we ensure we settle children down and stop children from crowding around children who are sitting down and playing. We also ensure we give children confidence to speak up when they cannot concentrate. We also give children time to think when we ask children questions. This is why we tell all children to listen. We support children’s listening and thinking by providing children with activities such as games so that they learn how to think and we read story books so they learn how to listen. We ask children to have silent time to think and listen to nursery rhymes quietly. If children never listen we keep a naughty chair for them to sit on. We help children who are very playful. We make sure we give these types of children different types of activities, we also help them by telling them please behave. We give behaving activities and songs to help children behave. If children behave we give them a well done star when they listen. Analyse the effect that detrimental issues can have on learning: Reference 2: study guide The meaning of detrimental issue is if a child is having difficulties in every day learning such as numeracy the child might need professional support a personal key worker to teach numbers. 1-10. Detrimental issues can be things like a child having mental health problem: The child will need a special caring key worker who is always with this child, the child will need to be observed to help the child with his development, the child will also need activities based on sam’s age, Sam will need to carry out same activities until he has mastered these activities to help sam reach to school and his higher studies. If we do not help sam, sam will loose his confidence and will become like no one cares. Sam might need professional help because he can be clever but sufferining from illness such as he might not be hearing well and this can make him weak. The key worker’s ensure all children are aware of Sam’s illness and give children knowledge on his illness so that Sam himself feels confident and so does children who play with Sam. Sam can sometimes loose his confidence, Sam can lose his self esteem, Sam can come across tiredness, and Sam can lose his high quality work to poor quality work as Sam looses confidence. Sam might also worry about what children can think of him this can also make him weak in his learning. To help sam we talk louder, use sign language and write words and sentence down to help sam understand. Sam can also have disability, sam still would need a key worker to support him, if it is extreme then sam will need his parent to stay with him and his key worker to ensure sam is in safe hands. Until sam is not confident he can not be left alone. Diabetics: if sam was to have this issue then his parent will have to tell every information to the person in charge and his key worker will need to be fully trained in how to care for sams health. If sam is on any medication the key worker needs to know asap such as if he has aathma, then the key worker will need to know when sam needs to take his medication. We as a nursery help Sam to be very confident when Sam start’s primary school. We give him as much support we can to build his confidence; we also help Sam know he will have this support during his school life. As a nursery we are very professional as we can be when it comes to a child being ill in their health. We ensure we train all our key worker’s and support all other staff member to help the key workers. These issues can lead a child to lose of confidence, less of self esteem, tiredness and poverty if they are not properly cared for. Evaluate the positive effect that differentiation has in the nursery setting: Differentiation – Difference’s of children Differentiation comes under different categories: Reference 3 Place learning intention Behaviour and vocabulary modelling Adaption of equipment Peer teaching Differentiated equipment depending on needs Outcome When I read all my information my finding of this question is that a child liking one thing and another child liking another thing, or one child doing one thing and another child do the other thing. I have also been to a few nurseries to learn so that I can carry out my research on this question. I learnt that a girl called Esha enjoyed talking so much and a boy called Siyan hated talking he loved to be quiet. I asked Esha so many question’s and she answered to every the question however Siyan was still sitting their quietly. I found out that Siyan needed more support in communication so I organised more activities based on communication, I noted down to pass on to my manager that he improved on talking to me more as the days went by. It is important that we help children reach their goals because talking gives children confidence and socialise with other children and play with other children. We organised alphabet activities and number activities and also brought interesting books from the libraries, to help children be around me and talk to me as a new member of staff. We have talking out loud activities such as saying out words loud for children to speak more. Children that speak so much we provide them with silent times to help them speak less and help them to control their talking. I also so that children were left handed and some were using normal right handed so I supported these children by giving them the correct scissors and helped children to cut and give children the confidence and more paper. As children got good with cutting I provided children with difficult cutting such as dot to dot picture cuttings. This is most important as children can lose their confidence and their emotions can change. If the correct resources is not provided then children will not be able to improve and will be left with no playful activities. Children develop from their age and what they are able to do. If they feel they can go up a level they go up a level if they cannot they do not go up a level. It is important to put children straight up as some children might feel lonely as they are left handed and they see other children as normal. I find that Children can also be working at different goals in their work books; this can be based on how fast children are at their learning and also shows who needs support and who does not need support. Some children may pick things up straight away in a group activity of vocabulary and assessing of behaviour, some children may be left behind in speaking out loud when they have to answer to questions some might shout the answers out some might be polite and wait. When working in a nursery i also found that children needed one to one support during I.T as some children pressed any key on the computer. We give one to one tutoring on computer for left handed children I also went to the activity cupboard to pick out easy play activities for children who need development as they are still weak and pick out difficult activities for the clever children. The result I found was that some children needed improvement some needed to be pushed up to the higher level. I had written a report of all children and passed on to the Management to help the children with their development. Discuss the positive effect that planning can have on learning and the ways in which formative and summative contribute to this: Planning can be brilliant for a child’s learning and would help a child learn better and help children with their development. Positive Children will gain good marks Children will concentrate more If we add more pre-school images children will learn more from looking at pictures Helps children to reach their goals Helps children to make improvements Helps children understand their weaknesses Helps children with encouragement to learn more To keep the child’s learning up to date Reference 4 To give children confidence we use: Formative assessment Summative assessment Now I will discuss the two assessments: As a nursery we use formative assessment: This helps the nursery to see how children are improving on their development in childcare. A child can be playing with Lego and other toys that are laid out. We use coloured paper to observe children. We write down how children play, we write down everything children play with, we write down what children talk about as they play, we write observations according to the curriculum. We also take pictures on what the child has played with for the day and everything they have done. We write down as much as we can to help children improve on the development in a nursery. We even organise a video to take of every child so that we can see how to develop children to a higher level. Observing could be gathering in your mind what you see from a child as their key worker then discussing this at the meeting how to improve the child’s development. Summative assessment – we gather all the above information from formative assessment and write up reports to discuss with parents. The above information will help the nursery stand out from others. It will keep the nursery organised, well presented, will bring clever children, will give smart and clean children and help the nursery be more lively. To do all the above we plan, we do this by organising every day morning meetings. Staff are fully trained to carry out these jobs. As a nursery we ensure our planning is well organised to help children reach their goal at the correct time and correct level for children. References: Reference 1 : http://learningguide.org/learningstyles.htm I used the meaning and also wrote in my own words. Reference 2: study pack – page 72 and 73 Reference 3: I used the hand book page 76 – 78 for meaning of what they are then wrote into my own words. Reference 4: I used the hand book page79-80 to find the meaning and wrote into my own words.

Type of Business

P1 – Describe the type of business, purpose and ownership of two contrasting business Help for heroes is a charitable company that was founded by Byrn and Emma Parry in 2007, they started Help for Heroes. They raise money for the servicemen returning from war, in Afghanistan and Iraq. Help for heroes have 5 different campaigns that have been done , these are; swimming pool complex at Headley court, Relative’s houses at Headly Court and Selly Oak hospital, battle back, troop aid, combat stress and the patients welfare fund. They are a national company based in England only. The Help for Heroes Company are a registered UK charity, but also have a profitable gain, they do exactly what is stated and all donations are given to the charity. But they also sell Help for Heroes merchandise such as wristbands etc. these go towards the running cost of the company and to the owners. The donation that Help for Heroes have received since October 2007 is ? 105. 377M. Help for Heroes have about 250 employees worldwide Help for Heroes is a tertiary business and the purpose of the business is to help wounded service men and women through donations and fundraising, the ownership of Help for Heroes is a partnership, owned by Bryn Parry and Emma Parry. The mission statement for Help for Heroes is ‘Help for Heroes supports any serviceman or woman who has been either wounded in conflict or injured in training since 2001. We are raising millions of pounds to create facilities to help their rehabilitation and support existing service charities to deliver the expertise needed. Help for Heroes have an unlimited liability, this mean if they were to go into debt, they could lose more money than was put into the business. Topshop is a British clothes retailer, it is known worldwide. Topshop is a part of the Arcadia group which is a group that owns a lot of different retail outlets. Topshop was founded in 1964 by ‘Peter Robinson’s Ltd. â€℠¢ Topshop has physical and online stores in over 20 countries. They employ over 200+ employees each year. They are an International company with flagship stores in Europe, the Americas and the Middle East. The Topshop in Oxford Street is the world’s largest fashion store it is roughly about 90,000 square feet and covers five floors, it attracts 30,000 customers a day. Topshop is a tertiary company; the purpose of the business is to sell fashionable clothes and accessories to the younger age group (15-25). Topshop is a company owned by the Arcadia group so it’s a PLC. As Topshop is a PLC, they have limited liability, and they would only lose the money that they put into the company. P2 – Describe the different stakeholders who influence the purpose of two contrasting businesses A stakeholder is an individual that has a direct or indirect stake in an organisation because it can affect or be affected by the organisation’s policies, actions or objectives. All stakeholders are entitled to different considerations, and have different rights. Stakeholders can range from customers, to government. I will be describing the impact that key stakeholders have on my two selected organisations, Topshop and Help for Heroes. Customers: Customers have an impact on Topshop as they buy the products; they are entitled to a fair price on products and high quality goods. The influence they have on Topshop is that they are expecting them to keep high-quality goods, which last for an extended period of time so they get their value for money on these products. Help for Heroes customers influence the company by expecting them to make good use of their donations, in products brought and to achieve projects that are promised to be made. Employees: Employees have an internal impact on Topshop as they are part of the company; employees expect security of their job, opportunities to progress in the business as they gain more work experience and a fair pay. As employees are so vital to Topshop, the employee’s expectations must be met by Topshop. Help for Heroes have two set of employees they have volunteers and regular set staff. They both have the similar employees but the volunteers do not expect pay, and expect projects to be achieved. Suppliers: Suppliers have an external impact on Topshop as they are not part of the company; suppliers expect a fair price for goods or services that they are offering to the company. They would also expect a fast if not instant payment and some suppliers would expect to feel valued by the company. This influences Topshop to get payments done quickly, and for prices to be fair to the suppliers, suppliers will also influence the company to prosper as they will want to feel proud of the company. The Help for Heroes suppliers will also have an external impact on them. They will expect them to pay them a reasonable price for the goods they are providing them, and they will expect regular orders to be made. Owners: The Owners of Topshop will have an internal impact on Topshop as they are part of the company and will some decisions for the company; owners are regarded as the principal risk takers. Owners would expect to see profits increase, and see values of the business to rise. Owners will influence the organisation to maintain high standards of work and to try and keep employees for a long period of time, and to maximise profits of the company. The Owners of Help for Heroes also have an internal impact of the company; they would also like to see the business increase in size, but not necessarily value. They would also expect to sell products and bring in a reasonable amount of donations. Trade Unions: Trade unions represent the interests of groups or employees. In Topshop and Help for Heroes they would expect fair wages based on experience and qualifications, fair working hours and acceptable working conditions for their members. This will influence both businesses to maintain high quality working facilities, making sure all staff is given a fair pay and are given reasonable hours. Employer Associations: Employer associations are the governing body of organisations. They have an external impact on Topshop as they are not part of the organisation. They would expect Topshop to abide by rules that they have set; they will also encourage them to give producers of their products to receive a fair wage. This will influence them to offer fair prices to suppliers and to abide by the set rules they have given. Help for Heroes will also be impacted by the employer associations. They will be influenced in making sure they pay their suppliers a fair price. Government: The government have an external impact on Topshop as they are not part of the business. They expect businesses to provide jobs for the public, and pay taxes; they will also expect Topshop to be successful. This will influence Topshop to maintain healthy sales figures and employ a suitable amount of people based on the business size. The government will have less of an impact on the business; they will expect them to provide jobs, but it is not vital as only some are paid. They will expect them to be successful. Local Communities: Local Communities have an external impact on Topshop as they are not part of the business. They would expect them to respect the local customers and area, to keep their waste to a minimum and to give back to the community. This would influence Topshop to try and recycle more often and offer excellent customer service. Local communities would also influence Help for Heroes as they build many buildings and the local community would expect them to keep their waste to a minimum and offer events for the local community. P3 – Describe how their style of organisation helps them to fulfil their purposes The purpose of an organisational structure is to keep control of a group of people and to keep communication between different employees quick and smooth as possible. An organisational structure also distinguishes a clear line between different types of jobs in certain departments. Topshop is a large organisation with a tall hierarchical structure. It needs this because it has over 100 international destinations. Topshop has chosen this structure because it needs to keep different employees in different departments of the business; this keeps the organisation together but also divides work between departments. Topshop also this structure for communication, they are such a large business, so they need to make sure that if problems or queries need addressing employees know who their superiors are and who exactly to report to. Topshop would not want a shop floor employee speaking to the CEO for a simple query as that would take too long for the problem to be addressed. The span of control in Topshop would be fairly small; a manager would normally be in charge of about 15 employees, this is a good figure as it allows communication between employees and managers to be efficient. Example of a Tall Hierarchal Structure Topshop have many different functional areas these are; Finance, Marketing, Production, Sales and Human Resources. Finance keep all records of any type of financial activity, they also work with other managers of different departments to give them any sort of financial information that they need e. g. working with Sales to give them predictions of stock turnover. Marketing are responsible for monitoring competitors such as River Island and Zara. Identifying, anticipating and satisfying any requirements that a customer or potential customer may have and to create new ideas within the business. They do this in Topshop by making sure they know what are the latest trends are and send out when new stock is available to subscribing customers. Production is in charge of how the stock is made, how much stock is made and when it is made. Production keep under Topshop ‘code of conduct’ this states that goods must not be made through any forms of child labour or forced labour. Production work closely with finance in keeping sure they have the most cost effective production, Production also works closely with Marketing as they decide when stock is made and Marketing tells them how much stock they will need for new seasons. Sales are responsible for getting customers to buy whatever Topshop produce. Sales work with the Marketing department. Marketing will find out what the customer want and Sales will normally find potential customers to ‘open’ from here marketing will keep them interested and hope for Sales to ‘close’ the deal. Human Resources managers are responsible for people management in Topshop; this is for mainly customers and employees. They will advertise, hire, train and fire employees. They will also take any sort of customer complaints. They will also make various policies for people in the organisation, administrative roles and supportive roles. Topshop make strategic plans by getting the CEO of Topshop to write up a set of aims with other senior partners. These are then dissected by the second in charge and presented in a department meeting from here they will then decide on how will they meet these aims with strategic plans and different plans are given to different managers. P4 – Explain how their style of organisation helps them to fulfil their purpose For this task I have been asked to explain how organisational structures and strategic planning helps Topshop to achieve its aims. Organisation structures help a business reach their aims by how dividing the company into smaller units, where companies have specialists in their specialised areas such as having a financial clerk in the finance department and not in the marketing department. The organisational structure will also establish clear communication routes making it communication efficient by having it only when necessary. Strategic planning is an organisations process of defining the direction that the company is going in; this involves making decision and providing the relevant resources to pursue the strategy that will be taken. Performance measures are established early on to measure the success of the plan. Heads of organisations need to do strategic planning so they can check at any investments are worth the time and money. Strategic planning helps a business to achieve its aim in various methods; * Helps organisations prepare for the future – This helps businesses to achieve aims by allowing them enough time to plan in the present so they can analyse for the future, giving the business enough time to run trial and error through different ideas and methods, this is so they can decide on what will bring profit and what will bring a loss of profits of the business. * Bring clarity and agreement on a mission statement – This helps businesses to achieve aims by letting everyone know what the ultimate goal of the business is and to reinforce this goal in everyone’s heads. It is also helpful for the staff and board members to have a ‘path’ to follow; this puts everyone on the same page. * Educate participants on changes to be made – This helps businesses to achieve aims by giving everyone that is in the business the suitable information and resources to allow them to understand how changes will be made so that they can accommodate the business aims. If employees also understand the business history and be able to see what has worked in previous year and what hasn’t, they will be able to identify successful methods to move the business forward. Gives opportunity to analyse the organisations systems and processes – This helps the business to achieve aims by giving board members the opportunity to be able to analyse the processes that and systems that have been used, and then they can identify the strengths and weaknesses, and eventually be able to improve these where necessary. M1 – Explain the points of view of d ifferent stakeholders seeking to influence the aims and objectives of two contrasting organisations A stakeholder will always influence a business. This depends on the amount of power that they have the larger power that a stakeholder has the more interest that an organisation will have on that certain stakeholder. The interest that organisations take on stakeholders can influence the decisions that they take and ultimately this will affect their aims and objectives. I will be covering 5 different stakeholders that may influence my two selected organisations; Topshop and Help for Heroes, the stakeholders I will discussing will be customers, employees, owners, trade unions and local communities. Customers: Customers will have a large amount of power towards the business as they will be expecting Topshop to keep competitive prices with other businesses that sell similar products; customers will also be expecting to receive seasonal deals from Topshop. This will change their aims in certain seasons such as Christmas as they will aim to sell much more, but for cheaper prices. Help for heroes on the other hand will have customers who will be buying stock because they want to make an impact and make sure the company is getting income so that they can continue to execute projects. Help for Heroes will have their aims changed depending on many donations they receive per month, because if a suitable amount of projects aren’t complete in a suitable time then donations can be stopped from customers. Employees: Employees also will have a great amount of power towards the business. Both companies Topshop and Help for Heroes will aim to keep them happy as they will need them in the business so tasks can be completed. The Employees will fair wages and reasonable hours, they will also expect performance evaluations, and this will influence the company to keep a sustainable amount of employees as they will have to provide them with training from the HR department, this could influence their aims as they might want to expand but may not be able to due to not being able to afford to staff new staff and train them to expectations. Employees in Help for Heroes are voluntary so will expect a good environment to work in, flexible hours and necessary training. Owners: Owners are a key part of the company and their decisions will always influence the company and will normally impact in with other stakeholders. In Topshop the owner will expect to see the company increase and their share of the profit to increase, they would also hope to see the value of the business increase in case they decide to sell. His/hers views would influence the company greatly because if he decided to start trading with freetrade goods, the marketing team would have to increase the price and launch new adverts and would lose customers from their customer base and try and persuade new customers to shop at Topshop. In Help for Heroes, there are two people that control the business; they expect the company to increase in size and to launch a certain amount of projects every year. If the owners decided to launch an additional 3 projects in one year, this would change the organisations aims as they would have to sell more stock and hire more employees. Trade Unions: Trade unions are an external stakeholder to a company as they represent a certain party in the business. Trade unions expect that customers are treated fairly, wages are sufficient and working conditions are of a high quality. This will affect a business as they will want to keep employees happy so may have to spend more on facilities instead of on stock, changing their spending patterns. Topshop and Help for Heroes will have to make sure that they keep high standards of working conditions and that employees are paid fairly and are treated in an acceptable manner. Local Communities: Local communities are normally affected by organisations. Organisations try to keep local communities happy and will run various events or give back to them as they need their area. Topshop tend to keep their shops in cities, but have various factories in the countryside. The local communities will expect them to input money into the community and try and be as energy efficient as possible, this will influence Topshop’s aims as they may want to expand their factories but the local community may not want them too, so they may have to change locations. Help for Heroes build a lot of projects, the community expects them to use methods of building that cause less pollution. This influences the company’s aims by making them spend more and making them wait longer for completion of projects or for the prices of good to be raised.

Our Individual Identity Is Determined by What Others Think of Us

â€Å"Identity and belonging† – Expository Essay Our individual identity is determined by what others think of us. Our identity is comprised of inner qualities and outer representations of self. It consists of innumerable defining characteristics that make up the whole of who we are in any given moment. These fragments of self include our sexuality, gender, and sense of belonging to a particular culture, nation, religion, family, or some other group. Our identity includes our looks, personality, beliefs and fears.Each individual in society assigns themselves a particular role, whether it be as a mother, brother, retiree, performer, sportsman or as a part of their occupation, a doctor or lawyer. Often one’s entire sense of self is consumed by pursuit of fulfilling such a role in society. Our identities are constantly growing, changing, and adapting to our everyday lives. This emphasizes the overriding link that one’s sense of belonging influences, or often dictates, individual identity. One’s assigned role in society may be as part of a family unit, a daughter.Agheare/Alice in Unpolished Gem emphasizes this, as she often struggles under the burden of the role she has self-assigned. Identity can both be influenced by, and influence, the work we do, our education, financial and class status, the car we drive, the home we live in and the clothes we wear. Identity is also determined by perspective. Our self-image can be entirely different to the way we are seen by a colleague, partner, friend, child or parent who all have their own lens of perception through which they view us.One definition of identity is â€Å"those images and masks† many of us wear, the persona we project out into the world. We don't have as much choice over our identity as we think we do because a lot of the time things we do or say are impacted by what others think of us. For example, we might like a certain type of music but might often find ourselves mentally saying ‘what would so and so like or would so and so listen to this or would so and so like me if I listened to this. ‘ Basically saying we mold ourselves, and are molded by others, in response to whatever is currently popular and accepted in today’s society.Today more than ever we are being increasingly conditioned, influenced and bombarded by a multitude of messages and experiences about who to be and how to be. Current forms of social communication processes, particularly mainstream media, advertising, television and film, along with family, friends, teachers, political agendas, religion, society’s rules, our perceptions, perspectives, interpretations and assumptions, and those of others, all play a part in creating our identity. ?We seek and create our identity through these external influences, we all wear these masks and cloaks, so that we fit in with the world around us.The degree to which we choose our identity, versus having it imposed on us via external influence, is arguably a matter of consciousness and awareness. When we are unaware of the power of external influence we are akin to pieces of clay, being unconsciously molded to fit into the accepted or preferred norms of someone else’s reality. When we are aware we can take responsibility for the creation of our identity. We can make empowered choices that best serve our selves, rather than serve people and systems outside of ourselves.In Unpolished Gem, society plays a daunting role on Alice as she tries to change her way of thinking from a Chinese-Cambodian way of thinking to a very different Australian way of thinking. As Alice starts her new school her beliefs are tested as she tries to determine whether to fit in as an Australian or a Chinese-Cambodian. By trying to decide this she is under massive pressure because of our society’s stereo types. Gender and race are two of the most important factors to take into consideration when looking at an i ndividual's identity, as they are the very first two things you notice about a person when you meet them.Race is a very strong influence on one's identity. This can cause issues with racism; people affiliating themselves, therefore their identity, with groups that feel a certain way about another race or group. Just as with gender, people will make assumption about a person based on their race. If one is white people might assume they listen to country music or rock n roll; or if one is black people might assume they listen to rap or hip hop. These tie in with stereotypes, which sadly, are a part of our community today.There are a higher number of certain races in certain places, with also leads to how culture affects one's identity. Something that relates closely with race is language. A person's language is part of their identity too. It can show where they were raised because of the slang you use. For example, there is the Spanish language, and off of that original Spanish langua ge there is branches of adjusted languages. Some of these include Mexican Spanish or North Mexican Spanish. All of these are based off the standard Spanish language, but depending on where one was raised they may speak one of these ifferent variations of Spanish. This helps us identify people too, based on which one they speak, shows where they are from which is part of your identity. In Unpolished Gem the stereo typical view on people from an Chinese-Cambodian background is to excel at school and this weighs Alice down by putting enormous pressure on her because that is what is considered acceptable in a tight knit community. Culture: Culture is the combination of values, beliefs, and practices of a particular group.The culture each person lives in shows them how to dress, talk, and act, acceptable behavior, and gives a guideline of what is considered acceptable and normal. As a child grows up in a particular culture they absorb the beliefs, and practices, then begin to use them in everyday activities. The culture a person is surrounded by will then play a role in the development of their identity. Identity is essentially a set a characteristics and traits that are attributed to one specific person. One of the main things your culture affects in shaping your identity is your morals.Morals are a person's standards of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do. These morals shape our identity as they shape how we live our lives as well as how we make an impact of society. In Unpolished Gem, Alice has a strong sense of what can be tolerated in both cultures from an Asian oblique migrant perspective even though throughout the book she starts to lose her ability to think in Chinese. This is an example of how even though a person may be proud of their cultural background this still out weights trying fit in or adapt to a new way of life.For example, Alice and her family migrate to Australia to peruse the â€Å"Australian dream† which indicates that even though they have a different cultural background to Australian they have to adapt to the Australian culture in order to survive. In conclusion our individual identity is determined by many different factors like media, society, culture and race. These factors shape who we are and whom we grow up to be and how other people see us from day to day. Do we really know ourselves because our subconscious is ever changing to try and fit in to society on a daily basis and we only ever see what we want to see?

Russian Federation and United Kingdom Comparison of Economy

CONTENT INTRODUCTION The report gives information about main macroeconomic models which were applied to Russian Federation and United Kingdom. It consists of three parts. First part is dedicated to the identification of macroeconomic models for Russia and UK. The second part is about main macroeconomic changes between 2005 and 2012 in Russia and UK. Finally, effects of increase in interest rate by Bank of England to Russia and UK were described in the third part of the report. Secondary online sources and macroeconomic books were used. SMALL AND LARGE OPEN ECONOMIES IN THE LONG RUN If an economy can interact freely, by selling capital assets and goods and services in world†¦show more content†¦We can see that they have positive relationship or upward sloping trend. It means that if interest rate rises, national saving will also increase. It is one of the requirements of small open economy. (Databank.worldbank.org, 2013) Second of all, I calculated current flow. Current flow= foreign direct investment net outflow – foreign direct investment net inflow. Then I found a relationship between interest rate and capital of flow, they have also positive relation and upward sloping curve which determines small open economy of UK. (Databank.worldbank.org, 2013) RUSSIA To determine smallness and largeness of Russian open economy, I tried to find relationship between National Savings and interest rate of Russia and found out that they have negative relationship, which means Russia is large open economy. (Databank.worldbank.org, 2013) Then I have calculated capital of flow with above mentioned formula and found a relationship between interest rate and capital of flow. According to the line graph below, they have negative relations and downward sloping graph, which means Russia is a large open economy. CF=CF(r), high domestic interest rate leads to increase foreign investments and increase domestic investments at home. 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